What is a metal lattice?

A metal lattice is best described as a structure formed by the arrangement of cations and delocalized electrons. In metallic bonding, metal atoms lose some of their electrons, creating positively charged ions (cations). These cations are surrounded by a "sea of electrons," where the free-moving, delocalized electrons are not bound to any specific atom. This arrangement allows for the bonding that characterizes metals, giving rise to their unique properties such as conductivity, malleability, and ductility. The overall structure of the metal lattice contributes to the strength and stability of metals, as the electrostatic forces between the cations and the electron sea maintain the integrity of the lattice, allowing it to withstand various external forces. This understanding highlights the intrinsic nature of metallic bonding and its implications in material science.